Clarification details
Updated December 2014. This document has been updated to address issues that have arisen from moderation.
The purpose of clarifications
We create clarification documents to help people understand the current requirements of achievement standards. Clarifications do not introduce new criteria, change the intent of the standard, or change what we expect from assessment.
These documents unpack and explain the language and intent of the standard so people interpret and apply the standard consistently. We provide examples or guidance as illustrations only. They are not prescriptions or requirements.
For official requirements, always refer to the current version of the achievement standard as published by NZQA.
Assessment guidance
Students need to be given the information for the network but not the network diagram.
Solving problems
The problem needs to provide sufficient scope for students to demonstrate and develop their own thinking. If there are parts to the problem, all of the parts need to contribute to the solution.
A task with a number of discrete questions based on skills is not appropriate for students to demonstrate evidence of the required levels of thinking.
Students need to make their own decisions about what to do and how to solve problems. Where an assessment task has a series of instructions that lead students through a step or a sequence of steps towards the solution, it is likely the opportunity for students to demonstrate all levels of thinking will be compromised.
Expected evidence for Achieved
For Achieved, the requirements include selecting and using methods. To be used as evidence, a ‘method’ must be relevant to the solution of the problem.
Students need to select the method for solving the problem, so an instruction like ‘Use a minimum spanning tree to find …’ is inappropriate.
Communicating solutions
At all grades there is a requirement relating to the communication of the solutions.
At Achieved, students need to identify the solution to the problem in context, for example, giving a correct shortest path and its length with appropriate units.
At Merit, the relational thinking needs to include evidence of using a systematic approach in solving the problem that has been presented. For example, for traversability the student would need to justify whether the network is traversable or not with specific evidence from the network.
At Excellence, the response needs to be clearly communicated with correct mathematical statements and students need to explain any decisions they make in the solution of the problem.