AS 91055 Annotated exemplars

Demonstrate understanding of basic concepts used in manufacturing (1.12)

Technology | Level 1
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Commentary

This annotated exemplar is intended for teacher use only. Annotated exemplars are extracts of student evidence, with commentary, that explain key parts of a standard. These help teachers make assessment judgements at the grade boundaries.

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Low Excellence

Commentary

For Excellence, students need to demonstrate comprehensive understanding of basic concepts used in manufacturing.

This involves:

  • discussing why the manufacturing techniques were used in a manufacturing process
  • discussing how yield prediction and its determination, and quality control mechanisms, may be affected by social and environmental change

The discussion focusses on manufacturing techniques used in the batch processing (2) of t- shirts (4), including health and safety considerations (5). A process flow diagram visually communicates this process (3). Comparisons are made (9) with manufacturing one-off fashion items (1) and the continuous flow manufacturing of cotton cloth (8).

The effects of social and environmental change on yield prediction and determination (7) and quality control mechanisms (6) are discussed for t-shirt manufacture.

For a more secure Excellence, the student should look more closely at the techniques in other manufacturing systems and how they might compare to those in their study. They should also explore, more fully, the relationships of social and environmental change to both yield and quality control.

High Merit

Commentary

For Merit, students need to demonstrate in-depth understanding of basic concepts used in manufacturing.

This involves:

  • explaining why particular types of manufacturing systems are used in specified contexts
  • explaining key manufacturing techniques used in a manufacturing process
  • explaining how yield is determined and how quality control is managed within a manufacturing process.

In the first two parts of the report (not shown here), the student investigated the one off manufacture of a wedding cake, and the continuous flow manufacture of bottled water. An introduction to batch production in a bakery is given (1).

The reason why wedding cakes are made in a one off system and bulk bread is made in batch production is explained (7). The student also presents a process flow diagram to communicate a bread manufacturing process (2).

The key manufacturing techniques used for batch processing in a bakery are explained (3) (4).

How yield is determined (6) and quality control managed (5) in batch production within a bakery is explained.

To reach Excellence, the student should compare and contrast more products and suitable manufacturing systems, and enhance the explanations on the social and environmental relationships to quality control and yield.

Low Merit

Commentary

For Merit, the student needs to demonstrate in-depth understanding of basic concepts used in manufacturing.

This involves:

  • explaining why particular types of manufacturing systems are used in specified contexts
  • explaining key manufacturing techniques used in a manufacturing process
  • explaining how yield and quality control are managed  within a manufacturing process.

The student explains how the flexibility of manufacturing systems affects what is used in different contexts (1), and how a job shop system is used to build custom boats (2) and continuous manufacturing is used in papermaking (9).

Explanations of key manufacturing techniques in terms of health and safety (3) and the symbols used (4) are presented.

The important techniques in aluminium boat building are explained (6).

A process flow diagram is presented to communicate a manufacturing process (5).

Possible ways of calculating yield are explained, using examples of aluminium cutting and brake folding (7).

Explaining the management of quality control in boat building includes checking raw materials, the CPC programme and the responsibilities of workers including the ships surveyor (8).

For a more secure Merit, the student could offer a deeper explanation of another manufacturing process and why it is suitable for the product being manufactured. The choice of manufacturing system left little opportunity for an in-depth explanation of yield. This may be better explored in a batch manufacturing process.

High Achieved

Commentary

For Achieved, students need to demonstrate understanding of basic concepts used in manufacturing.

This involves:

  • describing different types of manufacturing systems  
  • describing categories of manufacturing techniques used in a manufacturing process
  • developing a process flow diagram to communicate a manufacturing process
  • describing the yield of a manufacturing process and the role of quality control.

The summary (5) describes the suitability of manufacturing systems for a customised guitar, concrete and sawmilling.

The student describes categories of manufacturing techniques used in sawmilling (2) and produces a process flow diagram to communicate the process (1).

The determination of yield in sawmilling is described, including the changes that are occurring with modern technology (1).

The student describes how scanners and manual checks are used for the quality control of logs and timber (2).

To reach Merit, the student would need to show more in-depth understanding. This requires an explanation of why particular types of manufacturing systems are used in contexts other than sawmilling (e.g. custom guitars and concrete). Merit also requires an explanation of key manufacturing techniques, how yield is determined, and how quality control is managed.

Low Achieved

Commentary

For Achieved, the student needs to demonstrate understanding of basic concepts used in manufacturing.

This involves:

  • describing different types of manufacturing systems
  • describing categories of manufacturing techniques used in a manufacturing process
  • developing a process flow diagram to communicate a manufacturing process
  • describing the yield of a manufacturing process and the role of quality control.

The student describes one-off manufacturing (1), batch manufacturing (2), continuous flow manufacturing (3) and flexible manufacturing (4).

Categories of manufacturing techniques are described with reference to the symbols used (5) (6).

The flow chart includes a description of techniques used in the processing of iron sand to pig iron (8). The student uses ASME symbols and acknowledges the importance of safety (7).

The student describes yield in general and mentions yield in the manufacturing of steel (9).

The student describes the role of quality control and how it may be used in the steel manufacturing process (10).

For a more secure Achieved, the student should expand on the description of yield in one of their chosen manufacturing processes.

The student should also strengthen the descriptions of techniques.

High Not Achieved

Commentary

For Achieved, students need to demonstrate understanding of basic concepts used in manufacturing.

This involves:

  • describing different types of manufacturing systems
  • describing categories of manufacturing techniques used in a manufacturing process
  • developing a process flow diagram to communicate a manufacturing process
  • describing the yield of a manufacturing process and the role of quality control.

The student describes the one-off manufacture of custom kitchens (1), a batch system for bricks (2) and the continuous production of a sawmill (3) and makes some mention of the categories of techniques within those processes. The three systems are summarised (5).

A flow diagram of timber through a saw mill is presented (4).

Quality control within these systems is described (1) (2) (3) (4) (5).

To reach Achieved, the student should identify and describe the categories of common manufacturing techniques.

The student should also explore yield in one of the chosen manufacturing systems.

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